DECENTRALIZED MEDICINE #24: Graphene: A time invariant semiconductor that we may use to treat the jabbed

For the first time, graphene has been successfully converted into a unique state of topological insulator. Graphene, a two-dimensional material with a single atomic layer composed only of carbon, has attracted attention as a next-generation electronic device material because of its high thermal and electric conductivity. Carbon, in this form, acts like a metal.

Graphene has other queer properties. It is not sensitive to time. The time-reversal invariant 2D topological insulators are also known as the quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE).  A physical system is time reversal invariant if the underlying laws are not sensitive to the direction of time. There are various accounts of time reversal transformation, resulting in different views on whether or not a given theory in physics is time reversal invariant.

However, graphene is useless for many photonic and electronic applications because it is too conductive and has no band gap.

The band gap is a fundamental property of a semiconductor because it determines its color and conductivity.

COLOR

A painter’s palette is rich with colors, some arising from the band gaps in natural semiconductors.

The mechanism behind the color we perceive in semiconductors can be explained by the band theory that governs color in many metals. Like metals, semiconductors have a reflective surface when polished but do not conduct electricity as effectively. Semiconductors frequently act as insulators and require particular conditions to become conductors. While metals become more resistant to the flow of charge with increasing temperature, semiconductors become conductors only with sufficient thermal energy, performing better as temperature increases.  Water does this as well because it is also a semiconductor.  It becomes more quantum coherent when light strikes it to form coherent domains.  

If the substance has a large band gap, such as the 5.4 eV of diamond or the similar value of corundum, then no light in the visible spectrum can be absorbed. These substances transmit all incident light and are colorless in their pure forms. In their powdered forms, or when their structure prevents light from being transmitted, all light is reflected to the observer, and we see them as white. Such "large band gap semiconductors" are excellent insulators and behave like covalently bonded materials.

If a pigment can absorb all wavelengths, we see it as black, just as we see most metals as black in their powdered form. A white pigment absorbs no visible light. As in subtractive color mixing, we see its complementary color when a specific wavelength is absorbed from incident white light.

I mentioned this here: VIDEO

A "medium band gap semiconductor" is a material with a somewhat smaller band gap, such as the compound cadmium sulfide (CdS). This is the pigment cadmium yellow, known as the mineral greenockite (more examples in table).

This change in the band gap size is illustrated using mixed crystals of yellow cadmium sulfide (CdS, Eg = 2.6 eV) and black cadmium selenide (CdSe, Eg = 1 .6 eV), which have the same structure and form a solid-solution series. The photograph above illustrates the yellow-orange-red-black sequence of these mixed crystals as the band-gap energy decreases.

Mixed crystals such as cadmium sulfoselenide (Cd4SSe3) form the painter’s pigment cadmium orange and are also used to color glass and plastic. Mercuric sulfide (HgS) exists in two different crystalline forms. Cinnabar (the pigment vermillion) with Eg = 2.0 eV is a deep red but can transform upon exposure to light in an improperly formulated paint to the black metacinnabar with Eg = 1.6 eV in as little as five years; this has happened in several old paintings.

Another method of manipulating the color of semiconductor materials is by adding impurities. These doped semiconductors have energy levels within the band gap and allow us to tailor the wavelength of emitted light. Some semiconductors contain impurities in their natural state, providing useful insights into these behaviors.

CONDUCTIVITY

A band gap prevents short circuits since the electrons aren't continuously in the conduction band. A small band gap allows the solid to have a strong enough flow of electrons from the valence to conduction bands to have some conductivity. So graphene would constantly short out, which is why adding graphene to the human system is a problem.

If the band gap is too high, most daylight photons cannot be absorbed; if it is too low, then most photons have much more energy than necessary to excite electrons across the band gap, and the rest is wasted.

A band gap is the distance between the valence band of electrons and the conduction band (see the picture above). Essentially, the band gap represents the minimum energy required to excite an electron to a state in the conduction band where it can participate in conduction.

Graphene’s basic properties show for the first time that electrons in a non-metal appear like a metal, and it can behave like a fluid.  Not having a band gap makes it unique.  Metals tend not to have band gaps, either.  

In ordinary, three-dimensional metals, electrons hardly interact with each other. However, graphene’s two-dimensional honeycomb structure acts like an electron superhighway in which all the particles have to travel in the same lane. The electrons in graphene act like massless relativistic objects, some with a positive charge and some with a negative charge. They move at incredible speed — 1/300 of the speed of light — and have been predicted to collide with each other ten trillion times a second at room temperature.  These intense interactions between charge particles have never been observed in an ordinary metal.

Life uses carbon, just not in graphene form. When you have a material that’s one atom thick, it’s going to be really affected by its environment. Life cannot have a detector that is this sensitive because there is no way to control the signal well without large external electric and magnetic fields.

If the graphene is on top of something rough and disordered, it will interfere with how the electrons move in that substance. It’s essential to create graphene with no interference from its environment.

Quantum mechanics describes very small things, like electrons, while relativistic physics, pioneered by Albert Einstein, describes very large and very fast things, like galaxies.

Linking classical hydrodynamics theories with Einstein's theories of relativity can describe high-energy systems like supernovas and black holes.

But it’s challenging to run an experiment on a black hole. Enter graphene.  When an electric field drove the strongly interacting particles in graphene, they behaved not like individual particles but like a fluid that hydrodynamics could describe.  Instead of watching how a single particle was affected by an electric or thermal force, we could see the conserved energy as it flowed across many particles, like a wave through water.

We discovered physics by studying black holes and string theory, which we see in graphene.  This is the first model system of relativistic hydrodynamics in a metal.  Life is based on low-energy physics systems at a small scale. Quantum mechanics rules that domain.   A small graphene chip can be used to model the fluid-like behavior of other high-energy systems found in galaxies and black holes.  Einstein's relativity rules high energy systems.

Materials conduct heat in two ways: through vibrations in the atomic structure or lattice and carried by the electrons themselves.  Science has needed to find a clever way to ignore the heat transfer from the lattice and focus only on how much heat the electrons carry.  To do so, the researchers turned to noise. At finite temperatures, the electrons move about randomly:  the higher the temperature, the noisier the electrons. By measuring the temperature of the electrons to three decimal points, researchers were able to measure the thermal conductivity of the electrons precisely.  Converting thermal energy into electric currents and vice versa is notoriously complex with ordinary materials.  But in principle, with a clean graphene sample, there may be no limit to how good a device you could make.

SUMMARY

I have a sense that we might be able to cure people using this TI and high-intensity light in combination, but we will have to test the theory.

The material's band gap is determined by its molecular structure; semiconductors' periodic, crystalline atomic structure gives their valence electrons the ability to become conductive at specific temperatures.  Carbon on the periodic table has many atomic crystalline forms.  For example, as a diamond, its molecular arrangement gives it a large band gap and can act like a semiconductor.  Graphene is also a crystalline form of carbon, and it has no band gap and acts like a metal.  All living things are carbon-based, but our atomic arrangement is between diamonds and graphene.  

This explains why the atomic structure inside your cells is exact and why the jabs were a problem because of the 51 elements they all contained. 

Photosynthesis uses visible light to separate water.  To effectively utilize visible light for water splitting, the typical band gap of the semiconductor should lie within the range of 2.0 to 3.0 eV.  

Visible light covers the range of approximately 390-700 nm, or 1.8-3.1 eV.

Viktor Schauberger found in water what modern-day physicists are finding out about graphene. Both are fluids that can act like metals when environmental conditions are just right.  What does this finding really imply to humans who observe nature well? This means that low-energy small-scale systems like cells and high-energy systems like CERN use physics very differently than the low-end system in mitochondria, which is quantum-based.  High-end energy systems on a large scale are relativity-based.  People don't realize that semiconductors act by paying attention to the local environment........it happens with graphene, and it happens with DHA.  Water and graphene have something else in common.  They are both semiconductors in specific environments.  Semiconductors are antennae for electromagnetic radiations; the thinner they are, the better the antenna is at receiving electromagnetic signals from outside. 

Could a neurotropic virus disrupt the main semiconductor system in our brain to alter it?  We've seen Zika and Covid clearly do that.  I believe the mRNA jabs do this as well. DHA and water are where it all begins in the brain.  

Energy expenditure is all tied to cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic oxygen consumption (CMRO2).  Is it possible that a virus could alter the brain, causing microcephaly today?  Yep.......So, shrinking cerebral tissue reduces brain volume, improving CBF to CMRO2.  This saves energy when the environment is not ideal.  Might there be a reason Zika, autism, Alzheimer's, and ALS have all shown up out of the blue?  Might it be why all the post-COVID complications have shown up as well? I think so.

Might that reason be a lack of energy from mitochondria?  Yep.  When a semiconductor senses electromagnetically, there is not that much energy to draw from it, and it shrinks in kind thermodynamically to adjust.  That saves massive energy.  The modern world has created an ionosphere filled with nnEMF and blue light.   Might these two things be linked in some way no one is making sense of?  Yes, I think so.........

CITES
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aad0343